The upper-case of Gill Sans is partly modelled on Roman capitals like those found on the Column of Trajan, with considerable variation in width. Respected by Arts and Crafts artisans as among the best ever drawn, many signs and engravings created with an intentionally artistic design in the twentieth century in Britain are based on them. The "a" and "g" in the roman or regular style are "double-storey" designs, rather than the "single-storey" forms used in handwriting and blackletter often found in grotesque and especially geometric sans-serifs.Ī drawing and photographed carving by Gill of the "Trajan" capitals on the Column of Trajan, a model for the capitals of Gill Sans and Johnson. For example, compared to grotesque sans-serifs the "C" and "a" have a much less "folded up" structure, with wider apertures. This gives Gill Sans a very different style of design to geometric sans-serifs like Futura, based on simple squares and circles, or grotesque or "industrial" designs like Akzidenz-Grotesk, Helvetica and Univers influenced by nineteenth-century lettering styles. The proportions of Gill Sans stem from monumental Roman capitals in the upper case, and traditional "old-style" serif letters in the lower. Its structure is influenced by traditional serif fonts such as Caslon rather than being strongly based on straight lines and circles as Futura is. Gill Sans does not use the single-storey "g" or "a" used by many sans-serifs and is less monoline than Johnston. Gill Sans compared to other sans-serifs of the period.
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Monotype rapidly expanded the original regular or medium weight into a large family of styles, which it continues to sell. Gill Sans has influenced many other typefaces, and helped to define a genre of sans-serif, known as the humanist style. Gill Sans was one of the dominant typefaces in British printing in the years following its release, and remains extremely popular: it has been described as "the British Helvetica" because of its lasting popularity in British design. Gill Sans also soon became used on the modernist, deliberately simple covers of Penguin Books, and was sold up to very large sizes which were often used in British posters and notices of the period. British Railways chose Gill Sans as the basis for its standard lettering when the railway companies were nationalised in 1948. Designed before setting documents entirely in sans-serif text was common, its standard weight is noticeably bolder than most modern body text fonts.Īn immediate success, the year after its release the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) chose it for all its posters, timetables and publicity material. Gill's aim was to blend the influences of Johnston, classic serif typefaces and Roman inscriptions to create a design that looked both cleanly modern and classical at the same time. Gill Sans was released in 1928 by Monotype, initially as a set of titling capitals that was quickly followed by a lower-case. Morison hoped that it could be Monotype's competitor to a wave of German sans-serif families in a new " geometric" style, which included Erbar, Futura and Kabel, all being launched to considerable attention in Germany during the late 1920s.
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Gill was commissioned to develop his alphabet into a full metal type family by his friend Stanley Morison, an influential Monotype executive and historian of printing. By this time Gill had become a prominent stonemason, artist and creator of lettering in his own right and had begun to work on creating typeface designs.
In addition, Gill sketched an alphabet for Cleverdon as a guide for him to use for future notices and announcements. In 1926, Douglas Cleverdon, a young printer-publisher, opened a bookshop in Bristol, and Gill painted a fascia for the shop for him in sans-serif capitals. As a young artist, Gill had assisted Johnston in its early development stages. Gill Sans is based on Edward Johnston's 1916 "Underground Alphabet", the corporate font of London Underground. Gill Sans is a humanist sans-serif typeface designed by Eric Gill and released by the British branch of Monotype from 1928 onwards. Humanist sans-serif typeface family developed by Monotype
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